Fujitsu and RIKEN have announced a major breakthrough in quantum computing with the development of a 256-qubit superconducting quantum computer.
Built at the RIKEN RQC-FUJITSU Collaboration Center in Wako, Japan, the new system represents a fourfold increase in computational capacity compared to their previous 64-qubit model launched in 2023.
According to the press release on Fujitsu’s website, the machine incorporates “newly-developed high-density implementation techniques” and cutting-edge thermal design, paving the way for tackling larger, more complex challenges.
Pushing the Boundaries of Quantum Capabilities
The first 64-qubit quantum computer developed jointly by Fujitsu, RIKEN, and other partners began operating in October 2023 with the support of Japan’s Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT).
Building on that foundation, the newly unveiled system now boasts 256 qubits, making it one of the largest superconducting quantum systems globally. It uses a scalable 3D connection structure that arranges 4-qubit unit cells efficiently, demonstrating how future quantum computers could expand without massive design overhauls.
One of the most significant technical hurdles—proper cooling inside the dilution refrigerator—was addressed by quadrupling the qubit density within the existing cooling system.
The system achieves this through a careful balance between the heat generated by control circuits and the refrigerator’s cooling capacity, while maintaining ultra-high vacuum and extremely low temperatures essential for superconducting qubits.
Moving Toward Global Deployment
The newly developed 256-qubit superconducting quantum computer will soon be integrated into the hybrid quantum computing platform jointly developed by Fujitsu and RIKEN. Starting in the first quarter of fiscal 2025, the system will be made available to companies and research institutions worldwide.
This expansion is expected to enable users to tackle more sophisticated problems, including the simulation of larger molecules and the demonstration of advanced error correction algorithms necessary for practical quantum computing.
In parallel, both organizations are working to enhance the usability of the platform by enabling more seamless collaboration between quantum and classical computers.
This focus on hybrid quantum-classical systems aims to support the efficient execution of increasingly complex algorithms, a critical step in broadening the real-world applicability of quantum technology.
Looking Ahead to 1,000 Qubits
Fujitsu and RIKEN are not stopping at 256 qubits. They are already engaged in research and development efforts toward the creation of a 1,000-qubit superconducting quantum computer, planned for installation in 2026 at a new facility within Fujitsu Technology Park.
The 1,000-qubit system is seen as a significant milestone on the path to building practical quantum computers capable of solving real-world problems across industries such as finance, drug discovery, and materials science.
To sustain this momentum, Fujitsu and RIKEN have also extended the operation of their Collaboration Center through March 2029. This extension reflects their long-term commitment to advancing superconducting quantum technologies and achieving larger, more powerful quantum systems.
A Milestone for Quantum Computing Innovation
Sato Shintaro, head of Fujitsu’s Quantum Laboratory, described the new 256-qubit system as “a key milestone in developing a quantum computer for practical use.”
While experts agree that tens of thousands of qubits will ultimately be necessary for general-purpose quantum computing, the progress marked by this development highlights how rapid technological innovation is bringing that future closer.
As RIKEN and Fujitsu continue to refine their hybrid platform and push toward a 1,000-qubit breakthrough, the quantum era moves steadily from vision to reality.
